Most UTIs go away after treatment. Chronic or recurrent urinary tract issues (UTIs) are problems of the urinary tract that either don’t respond to treatment or keep recurring. Bacteria can enter the urinary tract from the outside to cause a UTI to come back, or a recurrent issue can be caused by bacteria that remain in the urinary tract after a previous problem. In the latter case, these bacteria are typically protected by biofilm, and eventually these renegade bacteria cells re-invade, ultimately establishing a colony of antibiotic-resistant bacteria primed to attack again and again. When a UTI occurs more than twice in six months or three times in a year, it is considered to be recurrent.